The torah is the old testament

It can refer to instructions from one human to another (Ps. 78:1). But as something from God, the word Torah throughout the Pentateuch and the rest of the Old Testament designates a standard of conduct for God’s people pertaining to ceremonial matters of formal worship, as well as statutes for civil and social conduct. [2]

The Torah, the Old Testament, and the Ten Commandments. While there is some debate over the authorship and dating of the Torah, it is nonetheless the guiding post for several major religions. “The passages in the Bible that record the Ten Commandments are considered by many to be the ethical basis for most of Western thought” (Torah 633).The first five books of the New Testament are Matthew, Mark, Luke, John and Acts. The first four books are often referred to as the gospels. There are a total of 27 books in the Ne...The terms Old Testament and New Testament were coined long after the books of the Bible were written. In 2 Tim 3:15-16, the apostle Paul referred to the Old Testament writings ... (or the Torah), 2) the Prophets and 3) the Writings (or the Psalms). Jesus Christ referred to this three-fold division in Luke 24:44. The books of their three-fold ...The Torah is the first five books (Genesis to Deuteronomy), and is part of the Tanakh. There's also the Midrash, which is a series of commentaries on the Tanakh - but this is not considered inspired, just useful to have, and the Oral Torah - a set of orally passed down additions to the Torah. ... The Protestant Old Testament includes those ...Feb 4, 2013 · Exodus 21:22–25 is usually used to argue that the Bible assigns a lower value to the unborn than to other humans. Rabbis and Jewish thinkers I’ve discussed this point with on the radio have been especially adamant—even irate. I think the evidence shows, though, that Moses taught just the opposite. The Weekly Torah Portion Calendar is a powerful tool that can greatly enhance your spiritual growth. It allows you to engage with the ancient wisdom of the Torah on a regular basis...May 12, 2011 ... The Torah is basically the Hebrew Bible – it contains the 613 commandments, and is the whole context of Jewish laws and traditions. Some people ...

The Book of Numbers (from Greek Ἀριθμοί, Arithmoi, lit. 'numbers'; Biblical Hebrew: בְּמִדְבַּר, Bəmīḏbar, lit. 'In [the] desert'; Latin: Liber Numeri) is the fourth book of the Hebrew Bible and the fourth of five books of the Jewish Torah. The book has a long and complex history; its final form is possibly due to a Priestly redaction (i.e., editing) of a Yahwistic ...The main difference between Torah and Old Testament is that Torah comprises the first five books of the Hebrew bible, whereas the Old Testament …The Torah is important because it contains written and oral laws central to the religion of Judaism. The Torah, also called the Jewish bible, contains the Laws of Moses that outlin... The composition of the Torah (or Pentateuch, the first five books of the Bible— Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy) was a process that involved multiple authors over an extended period of time. [1] While Jewish tradition holds that all five books were originally written by Moses sometime in the 2nd millennium BCE, leading ... Biblical literature - Old Testament, Hebrew Bible, Canon: The Torah, or Pentateuch (Five Scrolls), traditionally the most revered portion of the Hebrew canon, comprises a series of narratives, interspersed with law codes, providing an account of events from the beginning of the world to the death of Moses. Modern critical scholarship tends to hold that there were originally …The Nash Papyrus is a manuscript that was purchased in Egypt in 1902 from an antiquities dealer by Walter Llewellyn Nash. Written in Hebrew and dating to the second century B.C. it was the oldest known biblical text prior to the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls. 2 It contains the 10 commandments from the book of Exodus, and the Shema …The Torah and the Old Testament are two terms often used interchangeably to refer to the collection of Jewish and Christian scriptures that outline the foundational beliefs and practices of their respective faiths. While the two share commonalities, such as their origin in the Hebrew Bible, they also have important …

The Old Testament is the Christian version of the Hebrew scriptures, which includes the same texts as the Torah as well as additional writings. The main difference between the Torah and the Old Testament is that the Torah is considered the ultimate authority on religious and moral matters by Jews, while the Old Testament is one part of the ...The Torah contains five books, including Genesis, Numbers, Deuteronomy, Exodus, and Leviticus, but the Bible contains 66 books, 27 New Testament books, and 39 Old Testament books. Religion is about morals, practices, sanctified places, faith, sacred things, ethics, prophesies, and worldviews that relate humanity to transcendental, …The Old Testament. The Bible is not one book but a collection of 66 books. The first 39 books are known as the Old Testament. ... The first five books are known to Jewish people as the Torah. The writings were in Hebrew and were brought together around 200 to 500 years before Jesus was born. But many of the manuscripts were much older.Torah is a Hebrew word meaning “to instruct.”. The Torah refers to the five books of Moses in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy). The Torah was written approximately 1400 BC. Traditionally, the Torah is handwritten on a scroll by a “sofer” (scribe). This type of document is called a ...

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The Pentateuch includes the first five books of the Hebrew Bible: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. The literary category of the Pentateuch reflects the traditional Jewish grouping of these books together as the Torah. The thematic design of the five books of the Pentateuch can be divided into two unequal parts: Genesis and ...Definition. The main Hebrew word for "truth" in the Old Testament is emeth.Emeth means "firmness, faithfulness, truth" (). The word emeth first occurs in Genesis 24:27, when Abraham's servant completes his journey to find a bride for Abraham's son, Isaac. “Blessed be the Lord God of my master Abraham, who has not forsaken His mercy and His …"These profound places are a sobering testament to humanity’s capacity for great evil and also a helpful reminder of the capacity for great resilience, renewal and strength of a pe... That's the way everything happened and had to happen: Progressively, through a conflict of social dynamics, thesis-antithesis-synthesis, moving closer and closer to the enlightened modern man. That's the mold of every 19th century thinker, and Torah had to fit into that mold. The liberal position in all its varieties holds that the OT canon is a list of non-inspired books agreed upon by men and mistakenly accepted as divine. Liberals differ as to why the particular books were elevated to such eminence. Some stress the action of religious councils (though the evidence is very scanty). A valid last will and testament should be signed, but there have been a limited number of cases where an unsigned will is admitted into probate. This was the case with the unsigned...

Keywords: Torah, Talmud, Kabbalah, Old Testament, Jewish Mysticism, Rabbinic Judaism, Christian Theology, Religious Texts, Interfaith Studies, Spiritual Interpretation, Biblical Scholarship ...See Nahum M. Sarna, The JPS Torah Commentary: Exodus (New York: JPS, 1991), 140–41. [2] The Priestly texts (Exodus 13, Numbers 3, and Numbers 8) trace the giving of the firstborn to God to the exodus from Egypt, when God killed the Egyptian firstborn sons and animals but allowed the Israelite firstborn to live. Yet the earliest …The Old Testament was written in a variety of languages, but it was all unified in the fifth century CE into one canon. The canon is the foundation of understanding the Old Testament. The Old Testament is divided into three parts: the Law, the Prophets, and the Writings. ... The Torah, or Teaching, is the first section of the Hebrew Bible, and ...In general the Tanakh is the same as the Christian Old Testament. The differences are: Some Christians use a few extra books, which are called deuterocanonical (or apocrypha, by those who reject them). These books are found in the earliest Greek translation of the Tanakh, but were later rejected by the rabbis.. The books of the Tanakh are usually printed in a different … Terminology. The Law of Moses or Torah of Moses (Hebrew: תֹּורַת מֹשֶׁה ‎, Torat Moshe, Septuagint Ancient Greek: νόμος Μωυσῆ, nómos Mōusē, or in some translations the "Teachings of Moses") is a biblical term first found in the Book of Joshua 8:31–32, where Joshua writes the Hebrew words of "Torat Moshe תֹּורַת מֹשֶׁה ‎" on an altar of stones at ... The Tribe of Levi in the Canonized Torah. When reading the Torah as a single narrative of Israel’s distant origins, the Levites appear alongside the other Israelite tribes who leave Egypt and wander in the wilderness with Moses before their return to the Promised Land of Canaan. [1] Like those other tribes, they descend from one the sons of …Jesus and the Fulfillment of the Old Testament. Perhaps the most important passage for understanding Jesus’ overall view of the Old Testament is Matthew 5:17-20. It is crucial, therefore, to interpret this text correctly when synthesizing Jesus’ similarities and differences from other Jews on this topic.Although some of the old Sabbath practices, such as the additional sacrifices, became impossible with the destruction of the Temple, the continued observance of the Sabbath on the lay level would ensure Israel steadfastness to its faith. ... What Does the Torah Say About the Land of Israel? The entire narrative of the Hebrew Bible is built ...Prior to the discoveries of the Dead Sea Scrolls, the earliest available Hebrew manuscripts of the Old Testament were from the medieval period. In fact, the oldest complete copy of the Hebrew Bible, which modern Hebrew and English Bibles are based upon, is the Leningrad Codex (dated to AD 1008). Terminology. The Law of Moses or Torah of Moses (Hebrew: תֹּורַת מֹשֶׁה ‎, Torat Moshe, Septuagint Ancient Greek: νόμος Μωυσῆ, nómos Mōusē, or in some translations the "Teachings of Moses") is a biblical term first found in the Book of Joshua 8:31–32, where Joshua writes the Hebrew words of "Torat Moshe תֹּורַת מֹשֶׁה ‎" on an altar of stones at ...

All those who hate me love death.” (vv. 32–36) It is easy to see why Justin read this and thought of Jesus. As the Word, Jesus was in the beginning with God and everything was made through Him (John 1:1–3; Col 1:16–17; Heb 1:2). The triune God found that creation, including mankind, was very good (Gen 1:26, 31).

The other books of the Old Testament or Nach (a Hebrew abbreviation for Prophets and Writings) were written later in history by prophets with a lesser form of prophecy than Moses. ... According to orthodox Jewish doctrine, the Torah is the word of God as given to Moses at Mt. Sinai, while the rest of the Tanakh was written by a variety of other ...The mysterious account of the copper (or bronze) serpent (Num 21:4-9) is part of a catalogue of stories in the Torah that involve Israelite grumbling—generally about the dearth of food or water in the wilderness—and the consequences of that grumbling. [1] In this story, once again, God has had enough and decides to punish the Israelites, this …May 3, 2023 · The Five Books of the Law: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. The first five books of the Old Testament, also known as the Pentateuch or the Five Books of the Law, were written by Moses and are considered the foundation of the Jewish faith and the Hebrew bible. They provide a historical account of the creation of the world ... The Septuagint, Protestant Old Testament, and Hebrew Bible all contain the same information but are in different languages. The order of the books in the Old Testament (and Septuagint) is due to them being broken up into categories subject-wise. Old Testament Books in order with divisions: Books of Law (also called the Pentateuch or Torah, five ...Pentateuch (πεντάτευχος): This is the Greek name, which means "five scrolls." Torah (תּוֹרָה): Although Judaism has both a Written Torah and an Oral Torah, the term "Torah," meaning "to guide/teach" is used across the board to refer to the first five books of the greater Jewish canon known as Tanakh, which is an acronym for Torah, …It seems to be interpreted as fact by many, that Sarah's name was initially Iscah/Yiscah. However, in reading the Old Testament/Torah, I see neither proof nor given reason/condition, through Genesis 11:29's account, to assume that Sarah was also called Iscah/Yiscah, at any time.Judaism focuses on the Torah, which is read in its entirety in synagogues either annually or triennially. Each Torah reading is accompanied by a reading from the Prophets. Christian lectionaries focus on the Prophets, and the “Old Testament” selections are accompanied by New Testament readings. We even hear the texts differently.The Septuagint (/ ˈ s ɛ p tj u ə dʒ ɪ n t / SEP-tew-ə-jint), sometimes referred to as the Greek Old Testament or The Translation of the Seventy (Ancient Greek: Ἡ μετάφρασις τῶν Ἑβδομήκοντα, romanized: Hē metáphrasis tôn Hebdomḗkonta), and often abbreviated as LXX, is the earliest extant Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible from the original Hebrew.Feb 22, 2024 · The Christian ( Protestant) Old Testament has the same content as the Hebrew Bible but it structurally differs from that of the Tanakh. The Christian canon typically organizes the books into four main categories: the Pentateuch (Torah), Historical Books, Wisdom Books, and Prophets. This organization contrasts with the Tanakh’s division into ...

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Judaism focuses on the Torah, which is read in its entirety in synagogues either annually or triennially. Each Torah reading is accompanied by a reading from the Prophets. Christian lectionaries focus on the Prophets, and the “Old Testament” selections are accompanied by New Testament readings. We even hear the texts differently.Miriam, the daughter of Amram and Yocheved, and older sister of her two famous brothers, Aaron and Moses, was born in Egypt just when the Jewish people were reduced to slavery, oppression and hard labor.This was in the year 2362 (after Creation), eighty-six years before the liberation. She was born four years before Aaron and seven …The Old Testament, also known as the Hebrew Bible, has an ambiguous status in Islam. On the one hand, the Quran teaches that God sent divine revelation through a series of prophets mentioned in the Hebrew scriptures, including Abraham, Moses and David. ... "Tawrat" is commonly viewed as an early Arabic word for the Torah, which can …Aditeuri Christian – Apostolic Unitarian • 2 mo. ago. Simply put: the Torah, or the Law, are the first five books of both the Hebrew Tanakh and the Christian OT. Translation and manuscripts used as sources may vary, but they are, technically speaking, the same, identical texts.that the word torah, law, is sometimes used to. nate the Pentateuch as distinguished from those. the Old Testament that are commonly called the. and the Hagiographa, he is in danger of assuming. Pentateuch and torah are convertible terms. As a matter. of fact this assumption is very common, and leads to many. blunders.The main difference between Torah and Old Testament is that Torah comprises the first five books of the Hebrew bible, whereas the Old Testament …The Torah, the Tanakh, the Hebrew Bible, and the Old Testament. What are they, what are they about, and what’s the difference between them? The Tanakh and the Hebrew Bible. The terms Tanakh and Hebrew Bible are …Feb 22, 2024 · The Christian ( Protestant) Old Testament has the same content as the Hebrew Bible but it structurally differs from that of the Tanakh. The Christian canon typically organizes the books into four main categories: the Pentateuch (Torah), Historical Books, Wisdom Books, and Prophets. This organization contrasts with the Tanakh’s division into ... ….

The Insider Trading Activity of EMSTER KURT VON on Markets Insider. Indices Commodities Currencies StocksDonate. The Torah is also known as the Chumash, Pentateuch or Five Books of Moses. The Written Law - Torah. Bereshit - Genesis. Shemot - Exodus. Vayikra - Leviticus. Bamidbar - Numbers. Book of Numbers. Numbers Rabbah.Origins of Kabbalah . The Kabbalah interprets the Torah, the first five books of the Old Testament. While the events of the Torah (including the story of Moses receiving the ten commandments) is supposed to date from around 2500 BCE, most scholars agree that the actual texts are much more recent. In fact, the oldest writers of the Torah may have completed their … The Hebrew canon. The Hebrew Bible is often known among Jews as TaNaKh, an acronym derived from the names of its three divisions: Torah (Instruction, or Law, also called the Pentateuch), Neviʾim (Prophets), and Ketuvim (Writings). The Torah contains five books: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. The Weekly Torah Portion Calendar is a powerful tool that can greatly enhance your spiritual growth. It allows you to engage with the ancient wisdom of the Torah on a regular basis...On the afternoon of March 30, 1934, a dozen men stopped their camels and camped in the Arava Desert. At the time, the country was ruled by the British. The leader of the expedition was Nelson ... Thus the two canons tell a different story: the Old and New Testaments focus on salvation at the end-time, with the book of Revelation showing the rectification of the “fall” in Eden; the Tanakh speaks of returning to the homeland. Finally, Jews and Christians read with different emphases. Judaism focuses on the Torah, which is read in its ... That's the way everything happened and had to happen: Progressively, through a conflict of social dynamics, thesis-antithesis-synthesis, moving closer and closer to the enlightened modern man. That's the mold of every 19th century thinker, and Torah had to fit into that mold. Sep 30, 2022 ... Be the first to rate this. Logos Editions are fully connected to your library and Bible study tools.Many people assume that the Torah is completely different than the Old Testament. And while they are two different things – the Torah in its entirety is found within the Old Testament. Christ seen in the Torah Christ is seen in the Torah. The torah is the old testament, The Lord's Prayer is an Old Testament prayer. You know the story. Jesus' disciples came to him and asked, "Lord, teach us how to pray," and he responded with what we call the Lord's Prayer. ... Let me show you just how grounded the Lord's Prayer is in the Torah (Old Testament). Our Father Isaiah 63:16; 64:8. Who Art in Heaven 2 Chronicles 20:6 ..., He is the author of Genesis and the Moses Story (2010); The Old Testament: A Literary History (Fortress Press, 2012); and A Historical Theology of the Hebrew Bible (2019), and the co-editor of The Pentateuch: International Perspectives on Current Research [with Thomas B. Dozeman and Baruch J. Schwartz] (2011) and The …, The Torah is made up of the first five books in the Old Testament: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. The Torah includes poetry, instructions, narrative, and other writing styles to convey the story of God and humanity. All of God’s followers are encouraged to read, learn, and live the teachings of the Torah., Feb 9, 2024 · The last 11 books contain poetry, theology, and some additional history. The Hebrew Bible is the literature of faith, not of scientific observation or historical demonstration. God’s existence as a speculative problem has no interest for the biblical writers. What is problematical for them is the human condition and destiny before God. , The JEPD Theory. A long tradition holds that the five books of the Pentateuch or Torah (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy) were written by Moses. The tradition honors Moses because of his esteemed position as lawgiver and friend of God. But it is highly unlikely that he wrote the version of the Pentateuch that we have today., The liberal position in all its varieties holds that the OT canon is a list of non-inspired books agreed upon by men and mistakenly accepted as divine. Liberals differ as to why the particular books were elevated to such eminence. Some stress the action of religious councils (though the evidence is very scanty)., The Pentateuch is just the first five books of the Old Testament: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. In the Hebrew Bible it’s known as the Torah 1 and is sometimes called in the New Testament the “writings of Moses” ( John 5:46–47 ), “the law of Moses” ( Luke 24:27 )—or just “Moses” ( Mark 7:10) 2 or “the ..., The Aleppo Codex, the oldest Hebrew Bible that has survived to modern times, was created by scribes called Masoretes in Tiberias, Israel around 930 C.E. As such, the Aleppo Codex is considered to be the most authoritative copy of the Hebrew Bible. The Aleppo Codex is not complete, however, as almost 200 pages went missing between …, Feb 9, 2024 · The last 11 books contain poetry, theology, and some additional history. The Hebrew Bible is the literature of faith, not of scientific observation or historical demonstration. God’s existence as a speculative problem has no interest for the biblical writers. What is problematical for them is the human condition and destiny before God. , [1] See discussion in HALOT (The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament), s.v. תרועה, which suggests that alarm was likely the older, more primary meaning.[2] See discussion in Shawn Joe Lichaa, “A Shofar-less Rosh Hashanah: A Karaite’s Experience of Yom Teruah,” TheTorah (2014). [3] The text is missing any …, The Word Torah in the Old Testament. This is how Proverbs 1:8 and 3:1 use this word torah: “ Hear, my son, your father’s instruction and do not forsake your mother’s …, The traditional Jewish position is that the Torah is all divine in origin. Yet nowhere does the broader Bible suggest that it was all written by God and in no way is this belief necessary to live as an observant Jew. The Jewish Bible, the Tanach, attributes authorship of some of its sections to God, but these are few and far between. , Tabernacle—Creation. Interpreters have long noticed explicit literary connections between the creation of the mishkan, or, Tabernacle in Exodus 25–40 and the creation of the world in Genesis 1–2. Most strikingly, as Nahum Sarna puts it, “the account of the construction of the Tabernacle is …laced with phrases and expressions that ..., A shiny, hulking testament to the juggernaut of H&M's expanding global empire. Manhattan shoppers, it seems, just can’t get enough cheap clothes. On May 20, the Swedish fast-fashio..., The Torah contains narratives combined with rules and instructions in Genesis, Exodus, Hebrew Bible - Torah, Prophets, Writings: The Hebrew canon contains 24 books, one for each of the scrolls on which these works were written in ancient times. ... The name Old Testament was devised by a Christian, Melito of Sardis, about 170 ce to distinguish ..., Aug 16, 2019 · The Torah, which comes from the Hebrew word for “law”. The Pentateuch, which comes from a means “five-book work,” or “five-fold book”. The Books of Moses (also “the Book of Moses,” or simply “Moses”), who’s traditionally credited as the primary source of these books. The Law of Moses, a blend of the first and third names. , Average number of verses per chapter in each book of the OT. The Pentateuch / Torah. Total Vv. *Note on Num 25: The NAB follows the Hebrew Bible in numbering a 19th verse, although it prints the three words of v. 19 at the beginning of Num 26; most other ancient and modern Bibles (LXX, Vulg, KJV, RSV, NRSV, etc.) have only …, Thus the two canons tell a different story: the Old and New Testaments focus on salvation at the end-time, with the book of Revelation showing the rectification of the “fall” in Eden; the Tanakh speaks of returning to the homeland. Finally, Jews and Christians read with different emphases. Judaism focuses on the Torah, which is read in its ... , The first five books of the New Testament are Matthew, Mark, Luke, John and Acts. The first four books are often referred to as the gospels. There are a total of 27 books in the Ne..., Feb 5, 2023 · The Christian Old Testament ends with the prophet Malachi, who was an appropriate figure for early Christianity's apocalyptic focus. The Tanakh, meanwhile, ends with Chronicles, with a Jewish emphasis on a return to their homeland. The Torah is only part of the larger text, but the Tanakh, too, is only one part of a bigger tradition. , It's an unfortunate testament to the long-lasting effects of war. Her piercing green eyes are instantly recognizable, even three decades later. Sharbat Gula was the subject of argu..., , The Old Testament tucks Ruth between Judges and 1 Samuel; the book fits here chronologically, because Ruth is King David’s great-grandmother, and David is introduced in 1 Samuel. The Tanakh places Ruth in the Ketuvim (Writings), where her scroll (Hebrew, megillah) accompanies the Song of Songs, Lamentations, Qohelet (Ecclesiastes), and Esther., A valid last will and testament should be signed, but there have been a limited number of cases where an unsigned will is admitted into probate. This was the case with the unsigned..., The Torah is important because it contains written and oral laws central to the religion of Judaism. The Torah, also called the Jewish bible, contains the Laws of Moses that outlin..., Feb 27, 2024 · Talmud quotes. “Just as the soul fills the body, so God fills the world. Just as the soul bears the body, so God endures the world. Just as a soul sees but is not seen, so God sees but is not seen.”. “Whoever destroys a single life is as guilty as though he has destroyed the entire world and whoever rescues a single life earns as much ... , The Old Testament tucks Ruth between Judges and 1 Samuel; the book fits here chronologically, because Ruth is King David’s great-grandmother, and David is introduced in 1 Samuel. The Tanakh places Ruth in the Ketuvim (Writings), where her scroll (Hebrew, megillah) accompanies the Song of Songs, Lamentations, Qohelet (Ecclesiastes), and Esther., A Book in Five Parts. The Torah is often thought of and treated as one book, nevertheless, it is comprised of five books: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. [1] This division is marked in the Torah scroll itself, which is written as one long document, on pieces of parchment sewn together, and includes a 4-line break …, TheTorah.com is always a source for me for information on Old Testament writings. As is my copy of Torah and my copy of Robert Alter’s The Hebrew Bible. Research on TheTorah.com has enriched my understanding of so much of Torah and the Writings and perhaps ironically, my understanding of the New Testament.” — Jaki Jean Ettinger, El …, Sep 22, 2021 ... The passage begins with a discussion of the differences between the written Torah (the five books of Moses or, in a wider sense, the entire ..., A valid last will and testament should be signed, but there have been a limited number of cases where an unsigned will is admitted into probate. This was the case with the unsigned..., Feb 14, 2016 · As a Rabbi, Jesus taught the Torah first and foremost – what Moses had already instructed Israel. The Sermon on the Mount was firmly rooted in the book of Exodus. He also gave some of His teachings during the feasts found in Leviticus 23. Jesus continued to point to the writings of Moses to prove who He was. , TaNaK. The Hebrew Bible, or Old Testament, refers to the collection of Hebrew (and some Aramaic) books that were recognized as Scripture in ancient Israel. The traditional order of these books is called the TaNaK. The TaNaK is an acronym for the names of the three large subcollections of the Hebrew Bible: Torah, Nevi’im, and Ketuvim.